Scope of the Lesson
Communicating about measurements and measurement equipment.
What is a Specification?
- Why do we need specifications?
- The use of specifications in measurement and metrology
- The form(s) taken by specification
- Some examples of specifications of measuring equipment
- How to read and interpret specifications
- The importance of specifications in calibration
- What it means to be in or out of spec.
- Practice reading, interpreting, calculating
What is a Tolerance?
- How are tolerances stated?
- What is the difference between a tolerance and a specification?
- Some examples of tolerances of measuring equipment
- How to read and interpret tolerances
- The importance of tolerances in calibration
- What it means to be in or out of tolerance
- Practice reading, interpreting, calculating
Measurement Uncertainty (this is not a full treatment, just an intro in context)
- Definitions (in context) of measures of measurement reliability and quality
- Accuracy
- Precision
- Resolution
- Repeatability and Reproducibility
- Traceability
- How do these definitions fit with specifications and tolerances?
- Special cases: floor specs, % of full scale vs % of reading, ppm, values near zero
- Calculation of measurement uncertainty – budgets
- Converting specifications and tolerances to uncertainty
- Practice calculating
Accreditation: rules relating to specifications and tolerances
Ratios
- The 10:1 principle; 4:1, 3:1
- What did they mean in the past: Definitions in MIL-STD-45662
- What do they mean now? Definitions in ANSI/NCSL Z-540-1, ISO 10012-1 and ISO/IEC 17025
- Are they useful? If so, why?
- Accuracy ratios, tolerance ratios, uncertainty ratios
- Ratios and traceability
- Practice calculations
Specifications, Tolerances, and Uncertainty
- Inspection and test
- Errors of Type I
- Errors of Type II
- Decision rules
- Definitions
- Applying them
- Responsibility (whose)
- Measurement uncertainty and decision rules
Changes to and Adjustment of Decision Rules
- Guardbanding
- Determining conformance to identified metrological specifications and taking measurement uncertainty into account
- Practice calculations
Estimated completion time is 10 hours.
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